The Phytochemical Content and Cytotoxic Effects of Quinoa Commercial Cultivars (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) on MCF۷ Cell Line of Breast Cancer

The Black, Titicaca, and Multi-hued Bulk cultivars were cultivated in the arid and semi-arid regions of Iran to compare the phenolic compounds, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effects of seed and leave extracts of Quinoa on the MCF۷ cell line of breast cancer (at ۱۰۰, ۲۵۰, ۵۰۰, and ۱۰۰۰ mg/ml concentrations). The bioactive compounds of samples were extracted using the hydroethanolic solvent using the Soxhlet method. According to this research, although the Titicaca seed extract had the highest total phenolic content at ۱۰۰۰ mg/ml (۱۵۲ mg GAE/g), the highest average phenolic content was observed in the leaf extracts of all cultivars. So, the seed extract of the Black cultivar showed the highest flavonoid content at ۱۰۰۰ mg/ml (۲۶۸ mg QE/g DW). The most increased DPPH radical scavenging activity was observed in the leaf extract of the Black cultivar (۵۴.۲۳%), and the highest ferric-reducing power was exhibited by Titicaca leaf extract at ۱۰۰۰ mg/ml (۰.۳۷ mmol Fe۲+). The results indicated that the leaf extract of the Black cultivar had the lowest IC۵۰ value (۷۸۶.۹۵ mg/ml). Based on the results, the leaf and seed extracts of Black and Titicaca cultivars were selected to examine the cytotoxic effects of Quinoa extracts on the MCF۷ cell line due to their higher phenolic and antioxidant contents. The lowest MCF۷ cell line viability percentage (۱۳.۹۲%) was observed in the leaf extract of the Black cultivar at ۱۰۰۰ mg/ml concentration after ۷۲ hours. Regardless of the extract concentration, the leaf and Black cultivar were the superior organ and cultivar compared to other studied characteristics, respectively. In addition, ۷۲ hours significantly yielded better results than other periods.

کلیدواژه ها:

Black Quinoa ، DPPH ، MCF۷ Cell Line ، MTT assay