Effect of Advanced Maternal Age on Pregnancy Outcome: A Retrospective Study from Three Academic Teaching Hospitals in Indonesia

Pregnancy at advanced maternal age (AMA) refers to pregnancies in women over ۳۵ years old, a trend on the rise in developed countries like Indonesia. This demographic shift has sparked concern due to associated risks. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in West Java, Indonesia, from January ۱ to December ۳۱, ۲۰۲۲, across three teaching hospitals. Medical records were analyzed, dividing patients into two groups: those over ۳۵ (study group) and those under ۳۵ (control group), with inclusion criteria extending to cases beyond ۲۸ weeks of gestation. Maternal outcomes scrutinized included antepartum hemorrhage, gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and cesarean delivery, while fetal outcomes comprised preterm labor and intrauterine fetal death (IUFD). Statistical analysis, employing the Chi-square test with a ۹۵% confidence interval, revealed significant differences. Of the ۶۷۶۳ patients studied, ۱۷۴۳ were AMA, while ۵۰۲۰ were under ۳۵. AMA pregnancies showed a markedly higher incidence of adverse outcomes, such as antepartum hemorrhage (p<۰.۰۰۱; OR = ۱.۹۴ [۱.۵۵–۲.۴۲]), hypertensive pregnancy (p<۰.۰۰۱; OR = ۱.۹۰ [۱.۶۵–۲.۱۹]), and IUFD (p = ۰.۰۰۴; OR = ۱.۴۹ [۱.۱۳–۱.۹۵]). These findings underscore the heightened risks associated with advanced maternal age, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions and heightened prenatal care for this demographic.

کلیدواژه ها:

Advanced maternal age ، Adverse maternal outcomes ، Adverse fetal outcomes ، Pregnancy Outcomes