Recent progress in nanotechnology approaches for valuable heavy metals extraction from wastewater

In recent decades, pollution of the environment with various types of contaminants becomes an important challenge, which spreads due to the industries' development and the production of wastes that pollute the earth. One of the most hazardous wastes is heavy metals that their entering into the water, soil, air, etc. can lead to lethal diseases. According to the fast advances of nanotechnology, the introduction of new techniques in the extraction of heavy metals becomes faster. The removal of these contaminants from the wastewater with nanomaterials has been obtaining more interest due to their unique properties resulting from their nanoscale dimensions. In this paper, we reviewed the conventional methods of the detection and extraction of heavy metals versus the modern methods which are mostly based on nanomaterial use such as carbon-based, polymer-based, and metal oxide-based nanomaterial. Also, their advantages and limitations were discussed.

کلیدواژه ها:

nanotechnology ، heavy metals extraction ، wastewater ، nanomaterials ، pollution