Nanobiosensors as a Revolutionizing Technique for Diagnosing Parasitic Infection Diseases

Parasitic infections, including malaria, hydatid cysts, leishmaniasis, and schistosomiasis, remain a significant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. In addition to their severe public health impacts, parasitic diseases impose a heavy economic burden on health systems. Control and treatment of zoonotic parasitic infections depend mainly on early and accurate diagnosis. Traditional diagnostic techniques, such as microscopic examinations, immunological methods, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and molecular tests, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), are standard tools for parasite identification. However, these methods are time-consuming and expensive and rely on sophisticated equipment; however, their application has many challenges. Nanobiosensors are novel devices that use nanotechnology and biology to provide new approaches for rapid and accurate diagnosing techniques, and they can detect many biomarkers. Hence, the current review aims to introduce nanobiosensors and their types and review their specific applications in diagnosing parasitic diseases. These sensors use the unique properties of nanomaterials to detect parasite biomarkers with high sensitivity and accuracy. Nanobiosensors can directly detect parasites or their metabolic products, enabling early disease detection. In conclusion, nanobiosensors could be essential in controlling and eradicating parasitic diseases.

کلیدواژه ها:

Nanotechnology ، Nanobiosensors ، Parasites ، Helminth ، Protozoa