Effect of Welding Speed on Microhardness, Microstructure, and Bead Geometry in GMAW Process

In this study, the effect of welding speed on the microhardness, microstructure, and weld bead geometry in the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process was comprehensively investigated. Experiments were conducted using five different welding speeds under controlled conditions. Parameters such as weld bead height and width, weld area, and microhardness in horizontal and vertical directions were measured to evaluate the results. Furthermore, the microstructure of various weld zones, including the weld bead, heat-affected zone (HAZ), and base metal, was analyzed. The findings revealed that increasing the welding speed reduced the weld bead width and microhardness, while the hardness in the HAZ was higher due to grain refinement. Additionally, metallographic analyses indicated that the predominant structures in the weld zone were polygonal ferrite and Widmanstätten ferrite, whereas the HAZ consisted of finer and harder grains. This study highlights the significant impact of welding speed on the mechanical and metallurgical properties of the weld and emphasizes its role in enhancing industrial welding performance.

کلیدواژه ها:

Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) ، Microstructure ، Microhardness ، Welding Speed