Degradation and Biocorrosion of Composite Materials inBiomedical Implants: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Applications

Inthe race to revolutionize biomedical implants, composite materials are proving to be the future of biocompatible, biodegradable, and long-lasting solutions. The challenge lies not only in creating materials that can safely degrade within the body but also in ensuring they remain functional throughout their lifespan. Polymer-matrix composites and magnesium-based alloys are at the forefront of this technological breakthrough, offering exceptional promise for orthopedic and dental implants. This review dives deep into the mechanisms driving degradation and biocorrosion in these cutting-edge materials, exploring how factors such as structural reinforcement, surface treatments, and the integration of nano-fillers and bioactive glasses impact performance. Recent advances in magnesium-based composites and bioabsorbable polymers have shown great potential for optimizing degradation rates, while enhancing cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility. We analyze in vitro and in vivo studies to provide a comprehensive synthesis of how these materials behave in biological environments, emphasizing their corrosion resistance, mechanical stability, and interactions with surrounding tissues. By identifying key parameters influencing performance, this review offers critical insights into future research directions aimed at pushing the boundaries of biodegradable implant technology. The ultimate goal is to fine-tune these materials to ensure they meet the rigorous demands of next-generation medical applications, while paving the way for safer, more effective implant designs.

کلیدواژه ها:

Biocorrosion ، Biomedical Implants ، Composite Materials ، Magnesium-based Alloys ، Biodegradable Polymers