Adipic acid as a homogenous, functional, and environmentally friendly catalyst for the solvent-free synthesis of ortho-aminocarbonitrile tetrahydronaphthalenes derivatives

Abstract: This study explores the use of adipic acid as a homogeneous, biodegradable catalyst for the solvent-free(SF) synthesis of ortho aminocarbonitrile tetrahydronaphthalene derivatives. Emphasizing the principles of green chemistry, we demonstrate that adipic acid effectively facilitates multicomponent reactions (MCRs), yielding high product outputs (۸۰%-۹۹%) within short reaction times. The optimal conditions were achieved at ۱۰۰°C using ۰.۶ mg of adipic acid in ۳۲ minutes for a ۹۲% yield. Our findings indicate that the electron-withdrawing substituents in the benzaldehyde derivatives enhance yields, while electron-donating groups tend to reduce them. The performance metrics, including high Turnover Numbers (TON) and Turnover Frequencies (TOF), underscore the efficiency and viability of using adipic acid as a sustainable catalyst in organic synthesis, paving the way for further research into eco-friendly catalytic processes.

کلیدواژه ها:

Solvent-free ، Multicomponent reaction ، Tetrahydronaphthalenes ، Green Conditions