Richard Wagner and Hafiz; Hafiz and the Hafiz reception in the West

Interest in the Persian poet and mystic, Hafiz (۱۳۱۵-۱۳۹۰) increased in the۱۸th century in the West with the translations of Sir William Jones (۱۷۴۶-۱۷۹۴) in England. The German translation by Baron von Hammer-Purgstallinspired Goethe in the ۱۹th century to write the West-Eastern Divan(published in ۱۸۱۹). The poetry of Hafiz made Goethe so enthusiastic thathe referred to Hafiz as „Holy Hafiz” and „Heavenly Friend”. Inspired byGoethe's „West-Eastern Divan”, a number of German poets, such as Rückertand Graf Platen, wrote poems based on the model of Ghazal, a poetic formthat Hafiz had perfected in Persian literature. Wagner’s friend (and laterenemy) Friedrich Nietzsche can also be counted among the Germanthinkers who were influenced and fascinated by Hafiz. After investigatingthese historical statements, the article elaborates on how Wagner benefitedfrom the form and content of Hafez’s poetry.

کلیدواژه ها:

Hafiz ، Wagner ، Die Religion Wagners ، Parsifal ، die Mystik Meisters Eckhart