Importance of Opium Alkaloids of Papaveraceae Family in Iran

The Papaveraceae family comprises more than ۴۰ genera and ۷۶۰ species. Papaver alkaloids have significant therapeutic importance in the treatment of various diseases and exhibit some antimicrobial properties. These alkaloids have been used in cancer medicine, cough, and hypertension. The main goal of this study is to determine the amounts of various alkaloids in samples collected from different regions of Iran. The findings of this research could provide valuable insights for the pharmaceutical industry. Two grams of dried and powdered plant material were extracted with ۳۰ ml chloroform and ۱۵ ml of ۹۹% acetic acid for ۳۰ minutes under sonication. The change in the pH of the sample was revealed by ۱۰ through gradually adding ammonia. The mobile phases consisted of phosphoric acid and acetonitrile. The analysis of the Papaveraceae family in Iran was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection. This paper focuses on the Papaver alkaloids (noscapine, morphine, thebaine, papaverine, and codeine) found in three species of Papaver and four species of Glaucium. The maximum contents of noscapine (۲۱.۰۲ mg/kg DW), morphine (۳۴.۵۱ mg/kg DW), thebaine (۶.۹۶ mg/kg DW), papaverine (۱۰۳.۷۶ mg/kg DW), and codeine (۳.۶۳ mg/kg DW) were reported in Papaver rhoeas L., Papaver fugax Poir and., Glaucium oxylobum Boiss. & Buhse, respectively.

کلیدواژه ها:

noscapine ، Morphine ، thebaine ، papaverine ، codeine ، Pharmaceutical industries