Examining Internal Defects in ۳D FML Composites with Cork Core Using Active Thermography

Fiber Metal Laminates (FMLs) are popular materials in aerospace, automotive, and marine instruments. During the preparation and manufacturing process, defects such as matrix damage, fiber breakage, and delamination between fibers and the matrix can easily occur, which can pose a threat to the quality, performance, and operational safety of the equipment utilizing these materials. This research investigates defects that are vertically aligned with one of the surfaces, acting as barriers to heat propagation within the structure. This phenomenon leads to variations in the surface's thermal field, which can be clearly observed and evaluated through the thermal differences between various points on the surface. The defects are detectable using thermography, a non-destructive testing method. In this technique, halogen lamps are employed as an active heat source, radiating energy perpendicularly to the surface, and a sequence of infrared images is captured using a FLIR camera. The defects are visible and interpretable in the output images generated by the related software.

کلیدواژه ها:

۳D FML ، Thermograghy ، Defect Detection ، Non-destructive evaluation ، Thermal conductivity