RPS۱۹ Gene as a Novel Biomarker in Breast Cancer

Introduction Breast cancer is a highly widespread global health issue, accounting for ۳۰% of malignancies affecting women. Iran has seen breast cancer as the prevailing form of cancer and the fifth highest contributor to mortality among Iranian women Recent technological advances in cancer detection have led to the emergence of gene expression patterns for better understanding tumor behavior, improving not only prognosis but also early detection and treatment. RPS۱۹ is on the genes that undergo alterations in their expression patterns in breast cancer. The RPS۱۹ gene encodes a protein that is found in the small subunit of ribosomes.According to bioanformatic studies, the RPS۱۹ gene shows increased expression in breast and ovarian cancers and in this study, its expression is to be measured by real-time PCR technique. Methods The current study is an observational and case-control investigation that will be carried out on women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer. At first, ۲۸ pairs of tumor and normal samples were collected from the same patient. The expression levels of RPS۱۹ genes will be measured using quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR in both the case and control groups. For this purpose, total mRNA will be extracted from breast tissue samples using an extraction kit, cDNA will be synthesized using a Reverse Transcriptase enzyme kit. Specific primers will be used to amplify the cDNA of the RPS۱۹ gene along with the SYBER Green two-step kit, following the manufacturer's instructions. To compare the mean differences of the main variables under study, statistical analysis will be performed using paired sample t-tests due to the quantitative nature of these variables. A p-value less than ۰.۰۵ will be considered significant in all tests. Results Quantitative analysis of the PCR data demonstrated a statistically significant upregulation of RPS۱۹ gene expression in breast cancer tissues compared to non-cancerous tissues. group (p < ۰.۰۵). The observed increase in the expression of the RPS۱۹ gene underscores their potential roles as biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis. These findings suggest the involvement of RPS۱۹ in breast cancer pathogenesis. The results of this study contribute to the growing body of evidence regarding the dysregulated expression of RPS۱۹ in breast cancer, providing valuable insights into the molecular pathways underlying breast carcinogenesis and offering potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Conclusion Due to its metastatic process and therapeutic resistance, breast cancer continues to be a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. The objective of this study was to investigate and compare the levels of expression of the RPS۱۹ in breast cancer patients using Real-Time PCR. The expression of the RPS۱۹ gene showed significant differences in tumor samples compared to normal states.(p < ۰.۰۰۵) Numerous studies have been conducted on breast cancer and the pathways involved in its development. Among the genes involved in this disease, RPS۱۹ gene can play a significant role in the early prognosis and diagnosis of breast cancer. Furthermore, by utilizing the data from this study and bioinformatic data, the complex relationship between protein-coding genes can be elucidated, which could greatly assist in the diagnosis and management of breast cancer.

کلیدواژه ها:

Breast Cancer ، RPS۱۹ ، Real-time PCR ، Cancer