Distribution of breast density in screening mammography and its association with breast cancer risk factor

Background: Breast cancer remains a significant health concern, with early detection through mammography playing a crucial role in reducing mortality rates. Understanding the demographic, clinical, and reproductive factors that influence breast composition can aid in better risk stratification for breast cancer. This study aims to assess the factors influencing breast composition in women undergoing screening mammography at Al-Zahra Hospital in Tabriz.Methods: A total of ۳۵۰ women who underwent mammography at Al-Zahra Hospital were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Demographic data, including age, body mass index (BMI), reproductive history (age of menarche, age at menopause, number of pregnancies, breastfeeding history, and contraceptive use), and family history of cancer, were collected. Mammographic breast composition was assessed using the BI-RADS classification. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with dense breast tissue.Results: The average age of the participants was ۴۵.۹۶ years, with an average BMI of ۲۸.۹۱ kg/m². Early menarche (mean age of ۱۳.۰۸ years) and early age of first pregnancy (mean of ۲۳.۶۲ years) were noted in this cohort. The study found that ۲۶.۹% of the women were postmenopausal, with an average age of menopause of ۴۷.۲۶ years. Family history of breast cancer was reported by ۱۲% of the participants. Logistic regression analysis revealed that factors such as high parity, postmenopausal status, and larger cup size were significantly associated with higher breast density.Conclusion: The study identifies several demographic and reproductive factors influencing breast composition, which may contribute to breast cancer risk. Postmenopausal status, high parity, and larger cup size were found to be significant predictors of breast density, suggesting that women with these characteristics may require closer monitoring. Further research, including genetic factors and long-term follow-up, is necessary to refine screening strategies.

کلیدواژه ها:

Breast composition ، mammography ، Parity ، menopause ، Breast cancer risk