Geo-Sequestration of Acid Gas (H۲S-CO۲)

Acid gas (ACg) is introduced to natural gas containing significant amounts of hydrogen sulfide (H۲S) and carbon dioxide (CO۲). ACg must be removed from natural gas, for H۲S is highly toxic, flammable, and corrosive, and also CO۲ can corrode equipment and pipelines in oil- gas and petrochemical industries. Over recent decades, Acid Gas Injection (ACg. In) has been adopted as an effective management strategy to cover some critical goals. ACg injection offers a secure and regulated means of disposing of H۲S-CO۲, addressing environmental concerns such as reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and managing waste generated during natural gas processing, sweetening, and utilization. Moreover, the strategy can significantly contribute to keeping pipes and installations away from corrosion, thereby enhancing operational longevity . Noteworthy for its cost-effectiveness, ACg injection mitigates risks associated with the handling and transportation of highly toxic substances. Additionally, its application in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is notable for its ability to increase reservoir pressure, optimizing hydrocarbon extraction processes. Many natural gas fields have existing injection wells and storage reservoirs that can be repurposed for acid gas injection, leveraging existing infrastructure and minimizing the need for substantial new capital investments. The study's main objective is to analyze and evaluate the optimization of storage capacity, injectivity, and long-term stability for integrated H۲/CO۲ storage systems. Furthermore, Considerations such as reservoir geology, geomechanical investigation, geochemical reactions, and operational parameters are paramount in assessing the technical feasibility and performance of co-sequestration strategies. The review also discusses the potential synergies between H۲ and CO۲ storage, including the use of depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs and the ability to leverage existing infrastructure. Also, the article examines the environmental, economic, and regulatory implications of deploying integrated H۲/ CO۲ geological storage at scale. Key challenges and knowledge gaps are identified, and promising research directions are outlined to advance this integrated carbon management approach.

کلیدواژه ها:

Acid Gas ، Hydrogen Sulfide ، Carbon Dioxide ، Gas Injection ، Geological Formation ، Gas Storage