Harnessing Seawater for Sustainable Agriculture: Brief review of Seawater Greenhouses

Seawater greenhouses represent a transformative approach to sustainable agriculture, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions where freshwater resources are scarce. This review paper provides a comprehensive analysis of seawater greenhouse technology, exploring its principles, design, and applications. By utilizing seawater for cooling and humidification, seawater greenhouses create a conducive environment for crop cultivation, reducing the reliance on freshwater and mitigating the adverse impacts of climate change. The paper delves into the operational mechanisms of seawater greenhouses, including the process of evaporative cooling, condensation, and solar desalination. It examines various design configurations and materials that enhance the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of these systems. Furthermore, the review assesses the environmental and economic benefits of seawater greenhouses, highlighting their potential to enhance food security and promote sustainable land use in coastal and desert regions. Key challenges such as energy consumption, maintenance, and scalability are discussed, along with potential solutions and innovations in the field. Case studies from different parts of the world illustrate the practical applications and success stories of seawater greenhouses, providing valuable insights into their real-world impact. In conclusion, this paper underscores the significance of seawater greenhouses as a viable solution for sustainable agriculture, advocating for increased research, development, and deployment to harness their full potential in addressing global water and food security challenges.

کلیدواژه ها:

Seawater greenhouse ، Desalination ، Agriculture ، Freshwater