Correspondence between OCT Characteristics and Biochemical Parameters in Diabetic Macular Edema

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential association between peripheral blood parameters and the morphological characteristics of retinal imaging obtained via spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in patients with treatment-naïve diabetic macular edema (DME). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included ۱۰۰ patients with treatment-naïve DME. All participants underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Optovue) and fundus photography. Peripheral blood samples were collected to assess complete blood count (CBC), glycated hemoglobin (HbA۱c), blood glucose, serum urea, serum creatinine, and lipid profile. Results: Central subfield thickness (CST) was significantly associated with serum HDL (P= ۰.۰۰۳). Intraretinal fluid (IRF) was linked to serum triglycerides (P=۰.۰۰۶), serum VLDL (P=۰.۰۰۱), and cholesterol-to-HDL ratio (P= ۰.۰۰۱). Subretinal fluid (SRF) showed an association with blood glucose (P= ۰.۰۲۸). Hyperreflective foci (HF) were related to total blood count (P= ۰.۰۰۱), monocyte count (P= ۰.۰۰۱), cholesterol-to-HDL ratio (P= ۰.۰۴۵), LDL-to-HDL ratio (P= ۰.۰۰۳), and serum urea (P= ۰.۰۵۱). Disorganization of the retinal inner layers (DRIL) correlated with total blood count (P=۰.۰۴۷), lymphocyte count (P= ۰.۰۰۸), blood glucose (P= ۰.۰۰۷), and LDL-to-HDL ratio (P= ۰.۰۴۶). Epiretinal membrane (ERM) was associated with blood glucose (P= ۰.۰۰۱), total cholesterol (P= ۰.۰۲۲), serum LDL (P= ۰.۰۲۵), cholesterol-to-HDL ratio (P= ۰.۰۱۳), and LDL-to-HDL ratio (P= ۰.۰۰۸). Ellipsoid zone (EZ) and external limiting membrane (ELM) disruptions were linked to blood glucose, serum LDL, and VLDL. Hard exudates correlated with blood cell counts, glucose, HbA۱c, urea, and creatinine (P< ۰.۰۵). CONCLUSION: Systemic factors are significantly associated with retinal morphological patterns in DME, highlighting the potential for modifying these factors to influence disease progression and treatment response.

کلیدواژه ها:

Diabetic macular edema ، OCT ، Biochemical parameters