Fuzzification of Items of Media and Educational Materials and Tools

kground and Objectives: The purpose of this study is to propose a solution for using large fuzzy sets in assessment tasks with a significant number of items, focusing on the assessment of media and educational tools. Ensuring fairness is crucial in evaluation tasks, especially when different evaluators assign different ratings to the same process or their ratings may even vary in different situations. Also, previous non-fuzzy assessment methods show that the mean value of assessors scores is not a good representation when the variance of scores is significant.  Fuzzy evaluation methods can solve this problem by addressing the uncertainty in evaluation tasks. Although some studies have been conducted on fuzzy assessment, but their main focus is fuzzy calculations and no solution has been proposed for the problem arising when fuzzy rule set is considerably huge. Methods: Fuzzy rules are the main key for fuzzy inference. This part of a fuzzy system often is generated by experts.  In this study,۱۵ experts were asked to create the set of fuzzy rules. Fuzzy rules relate inputs to outputs by descriptive linguistic expressions. Making these expressions is so more convenient than if we determine an exact relationship between inputs and outputs. The number of fussy rules has an exponential relationship with the number of inputs. Therefore, for a task with more than say ۶ inputs, we should deal with a huge set of fuzzy rules. This paper presents a solution that enables the use of large fuzzy sets in fuzzy systems using a multi-stage hierarchical approach.Results: Justice is always the most important issue in an assessment process. Due to its nature, a fuzzy calculation-based assessment provides an assessment in a just manner.  Since many assessment tasks are often involved more than ۱۰ items to be assessed, generating a fuzzy rule set is impossible. Results show the final score is very sensitive to slight differences in score of an item given by assessors. Besides that, assessors often are not able to consider all items simultaneously to assign a coefficient for the effect of each item on final score. This will be seriously a problem when the final score depends on many input items. In this study, we proposed a fuzzy analysis method to ensure equitable evaluation of educational media and instructional tools within the teaching process. Results of none-fuzzy scoring system show that final score has intense variations when assessment is down in different times and by different assessors. It is because of the manner that importance coefficients are calculated for each item of assessment. In fuzzy assessment no importance coefficient is used for each item.Conclusion: In this study, a novel method was proposed to determine the score of an activity, a task, or a tool that is designed for learning purposes based on Fuzzy sets and their respective calculations. Because of the nature of fuzzy systems, approximate descriptive expressions are used to relate input items to final score instead of an exact function that is impossible to be estimated. Fuzzy method is a robust system that ensure us a fair assessment.

کلیدواژه ها:

AI assessment ، Fuzzification Assessment Items ، Fuzzy Assessment ، Educational Media Assessment ، Big Fuzzy Rules Set