A Critical Evaluation Of Traditional And Modern Approaches In English Language Teaching: Methods, Advantages, And Challenges

This paper critically evaluates both traditional and modern approaches in English language teaching (ELT), examining each method's strengths, limitations, and practical applications. Traditional methods such as the Grammar-Translation Method, Direct Method, and Audio-Lingual Method have historically emphasized grammar, translation, and rote memorization, providing a solid foundation for language structure and literacy skills but often neglecting speaking and listening abilities. In contrast, modern methods like Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT), and Technology-Enhanced Language Learning (TELL) prioritize interactive communication and practical language use, which enhances learners' speaking and listening skills. However, these modern approaches face challenges related to resource dependence, teacher training, and balancing communicative fluency with grammatical accuracy. The paper concludes that while modern methods are generally more effective in promoting real-world language use, a hybrid approach that integrates the strengths of both traditional and modern techniques may offer the most comprehensive solution to diverse learner needs.

کلیدواژه ها:

English Language Teaching ، Traditional Teaching Methods ، Modern Teaching Approaches ، Communicative Language Teaching ، Task-Based Language Teaching