Ginkgo biloba GbbHLH۱۳ transcription factor regulates flavonoid biosynthesis

Ginkgo biloba is the oldest living plant on Earth and one of the most widely used natural medicines worldwide. Flavonoids extracted from G. biloba have been shown to have protective effects against cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The bHLH transcription factors (TFs) are among the most important families of transcription factors in plants, playing a crucial role in regulating plant growth, development, and secondary metabolism. In this study, GbbHLH۱۳ was isolated and identified. It encodes a protein consisting of ۷۳۲ amino acids, and transient expression assays in tobacco indicated that GbbHLH۱۳ is localized in the nucleus. Exogenous hormone treatments revealed that the expression of GbbHLH۱۳ is affected by methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and abscisic acid (ABA). Transient overexpression experiments further showed that it upregulates the transcription levels of flavonoid metabolism-related genes PAL, CHI, and C۴H, suggesting that GbbHLH۱۳ may be involved in flavonoid biosynthesis.

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Keywords: Ginkgo biloba ، GbbHLH۱۳ ، Flavonoids ، subcellular localization ، RT-qPCR