Profiling of Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Properties of Turkish Black Cumin Seeds

This research investigated the effects of extraction processes on phenolic compound extractions and evaluated the antioxidant and cytotoxicity properties of Nigella sativa seed. The most abundant phenolic compound, namely, Epigallocatechin Gallate (EgCg), was identified in free flavan-۳-ol extract (۱۲۷.۸۵±۴.۷۳ µg g-۱ DWE), which exhibited considerable ferrous-ion chelation and cytotoxicity on HepG۲ cancer cells. Epigallocatechin (EgC) was the second and recognized in the bound flavan-۳-ol extract [(۱۱۳.۳۱±۳.۴۹ µg g-۱ DWE (dry weight extract)], which showed the largest ۲,۲-Diphenyl-۱-Picrylhydrazyl Radical (DPPH•) scavenging activity and ferric-ion reducing power, as well as the most cytotoxic on HepG۲ (IC۵۰= ۲۴.۹۱±۱.۴۵ µg mL-۱). Caffeic, sinapic, and p-hydroxybenzoic acids were found in Bound Phenolic acid from Basic-Hydrolysis extract (BPBH), which had the highest Hydroxyl radical (•OH) and Nitric Oxide radical (NO•) scavenging activity and appreciable cytotoxicity on HepG۲. Ferulic and p-coumaric acids were detected in Acid-Hydrolysable Phenolic Acid extract (AHPA) and Bound Phenolic acid from Acid-Hydrolysis extract (BPAH), respectively. The two extracts demonstrated higher Ferric-ion Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) values and were also cytotoxic to HeLa and HepG۲ cell lines. To the best of our knowledge, EgC, EgCg and rosmarinic acid were identified in N. sativa seed for the first time. Our study indicates N. sativa seeds as a promising source of phenolic compounds with antioxidant and anticancer properties.

کلیدواژه ها:

Anticancer properties ، Cytotoxicity ، Free radicals ، Nigella sativa.