The preventive effects of Zataria multiflora and carvacrol and their co-administration with pioglitazolne on systemic inflammation and oxidative stress induced by paraquat inhalation in rats

Objective: The present study aimed to assess the impact of the aqueous-ethanolic extract of Zataria multiflora (ZM), carvacrol (Car), and their co-administration with a PPAR activator, pioglitazone (Pio), on oxidative stress and inflammation induced by paraquat (PQ) inhalation at a systemic level.Materials and Methods: The rats in the control group were exposed to saline and those of other groups to PQ (۵۴ mg/m۳) aerosols for ۸ times on alternate days. Nine PQ groups were treated with saline, Car (۲۰ and ۸۰ mg/kg/day), ZM (۲۰۰ and ۸۰۰ mg/kg/day), Pio (۵ mg/kg/day), dexamethasone (Dexa, ۰.۰۳ mg/kg/day), and low-dose ZM or Car + Pio for ۱۶ days during the period of PQ exposure (n=۶).Results: Differential and total WBC counts, and malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin (IL)-۱۰, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels were enhanced but catalase (CAT), thiol, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were reduced in the blood in the PQ group (p<۰.۰۱ to p<۰.۰۰۱). All measured variables improved in groups treated with both doses of ZM, Car, Pio, ZM + Pio, Car+Pio, and Dexa vs the PQ group (p<۰.۰۵ to p<۰.۰۰۱). Most variables were more improved in combined treatment groups in comparison with three agents alone. The combination of ZM or Car, and Pio showed an impact on PQ inhalation-induced systemic changes.Conclusion: The synergistic effect between Pio with ZM or Car indicates that these substances work together to enhance their individual effects.

کلیدواژه ها:

Zataria multiflora ، Paraquat ، Carvacrol ، PPAR-γ agonist ، Oxidative stress ، Inflammation