Effects of Carnitine and Chromium Co-Supplementation on Body Weight, Metabolic and Genetic Profiles in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectof the co-administration of carnitineand chromium on bodyweight, metabolic and genetic parameters in women sufferingfromPCOS.Materials and Methods: This randomized, double-blinded,placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on۵۴ subjects,aged ۱۸-۴۰ years old. Subjects were randomly allocated totake either ۱,۰۰۰ mg/daycarnitine plus ۲۰۰ μg/day chromiumas chromium picolinate (n=۲۷) or placebo (n=۲۷) for ۱۲weeks.Glycemic control and lipid profiles were measured at baselineand after the ۱۲-weekintervention. Gene expression related toinsulin and lipid metabolism was conducted onperipheral bloodmononuclear cells (PBMCs) of PCOS women using RT-PCRmethod.Results: Carnitine and chromium co-supplementation, comparedwith the placebo, significantlyreduced body weight(-۴.۲±۲.۴ vs. -۱.۹±۲.۳ kg, P<۰.۰۰۱) and BMI (-۱.۶±۰.۹ vs.-۰.۲±۰.۴ kg/m۲,P<۰.۰۰۱). Participants who received carnitineplus chromium supplements had significantlylower fastingplasma glucose (β -۳.۶۶ mg/dL; ۹۵% CI, -۶.۴۴, -۰.۸۹; P=۰.۰۱),serum insulin levels (β -۱.۶۴ μIU/mL; ۹۵% CI, -۲.۴۰, -۰.۸۸;P<۰.۰۰۱), homeostasis model of assessment-insulinresistance(β -۰.۳۷; ۹۵% CI, -۰.۵۵, -۰.۲۰; P<۰.۰۰۱), serum triglycerides(β -۲۵.۸۳ mg/dL; ۹۵%CI, -۳۵.۳۷, -۱۶.۲۸; P<۰.۰۰۱), VLDL- (β-۵.۱۶ mg/dL; ۹۵% CI, -۷.۰۷, -۳.۲۵; P<۰.۰۰۱), total- (β-۱۸.۱۶mg/dL; ۹۵% CI, -۲۶.۳۹, -۹.۹۲; P<۰.۰۳), LDL- (β -۱۲.۷۹ mg/dL;۹۵% CI, -۲۱.۶۱, -۳.۹۷;P=۰.۰۰۵) and total-/HDL-cholesterol ra tio (β -۰.۳۶; ۹۵% CI, -۰.۷۲, -۰.۰۰۹; P=۰.۰۴), and higherquantitativeinsulin sensitivity check index (β ۰.۹۶; ۹۵% CI, ۰.۷۷, ۱.۱۵;P<۰.۰۰۱) compared withthe placebo. Moreover, carnitine andchromium co-supplementation upregulated gene expressionofperoxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ)(P=۰.۰۲) and low-densitylipoprotein receptor (LDLR) (P=۰.۰۲)compared with the placebo.Conclusions: Overall, the co-administration of carnitine andchromium for ۱۲ weeks hadbeneficial effects on body weight,glycemic control, lipid profiles except HDL-cholesterollevels,and gene expression of PPAR-γ and LDLR among womenwith PCOS.

کلیدواژه ها:

Carnitine ، chromium ، insulin metabolism ، lipid profiles ، polycystic ovary syndrome