CDK۱ as a Hub Gene: Promising Biomarker for Bladder Cancer Diagnosis

Bladder cancer is the tenth most prevalent cancer globally and is characterized by distinctmolecular profiles at different stages [۱]. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment selection,recurrence prevention, and identification of specific disease subtypes. Biomarkers provide essentialinformation about cancer stage, recurrence risk, and disease etiopathology. This study aims to identifybiomarkers and a hub gene for bladder cancer. The study utilized expression profiling by an array(GSE۷۴۷۶) from the GEO Dataset, which included ۱۲ samples of bladder tissue categorized into normaland cancer groups. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using GEO۲R, resulting inthe identification of ۱۴۵ upregulated genes with adjusted P-values<۰.۰۵ and logFC≥۲. Gene Ontology(GO) analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were performed, and PPI networks were established usingSTRING and Cytoscape. The GO analysis revealed that the DEGs were primarily enriched in biologicalprocesses such as cell division and the apoptotic process. These DEGs were predominantly located inthe nucleus, cytoplasm, and cytosol, and were found to be involved in protein binding at the molecularfunction level. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the DEGs were significantly associated withcell cycle and oocyte meiosis. Additionally, hub genes such as CDK۱, TYMS, CCNB۱, TOP۲A, andCCNB۲ were identified. CDK۱, in particular, was highlighted as a potential biomarker due to its crucialrole in regulating the G۲/M phase transition in the eukaryotic cell cycle and its overexpression in variouscancers, including bladder cancer and lung cancer [۲]. Given its presence in urine and plasma, CDK۱shows promise as a potential non-invasive biomarker for these cancers, offering an alternative to theinvasive diagnostic method of Cystoscopy.

کلیدواژه ها:

bladder cancer ، CDK۱ ، biomarker ، systems biology ، bioinformatics