Strategies of translating cultural references in anime subtitling based onNewmarks classification

Culture and meaning are crucial factors in translation. Translating cultural characteristics has alwaysbeen a difficult task for translators as they need to be aware of the source cultures' beliefs, attitudes,values, and rules. Translators use different strategies to deal with this problem. This study sought toanalyze culturally specific items in the animated war drama film Grave of the Fireflies produced byStudio Ghibli by comparing Persian and English subtitles. The framework of the study was based onthe Newmark category and strategies of Translation for translating culture-specific items. Followingthe data analysis the researchers found that the most frequently applied procedures wereneutralization, literal translation, and cultural equivalent, and the least frequent was adaptation. Thestudy revealed that the translator tried to ensure that the translated text was accessible andcomprehensible to a wide range of viewers but Literal translation caused mistranslation andunnatural-sounding translations. With the adaptation being less common, there may be a decrease inemotional impact, relevance, and clarity, causing the text to seem unfamiliar or less interesting,ultimately reducing its effectiveness in communication.

کلیدواژه ها:

Anime ، Culture-specific items(CSIs) ، Strategies ، Subtitles ، Audiovisual translation