The Impact of Integrating Trees and Reflective Surfaces on Major Roadways in Iraq

The road sector produces the most greenhouse gas emissions, directly (from using fossil fuelsin paving, transportation, and mining) and indirectly (from vehicle emissions). The steadyincrease in the number of vehicles on the road, as well as the resulting traffic and increase intemperature in hot and dry regions, has resulted in a considerable increase in pollution andnoise disruptions. Integrating reflecting surfaces and tree planting into urban road design andinfrastructure is critical for reducing urban heat islands and improving environmentalsustainability. Reflective surfaces, such as specialist road coatings or lighter-coloredpavements, help to lower surface temperatures in urban areas by reflecting sunlight. At thesame time, strategically placed trees near roadways provide diverse benefits Shade,evapotranspiration, and improved air quality all contribute to cooler microclimates andimproved livability. This abstract investigates the influence of reflecting surfaces and treeplanting on roadways by program ENVI-met, demonstrating their synergistic impacts inlowering temperatures, increasing air quality, and creating more comfortable urbanenvironments. The complete approach of including reflective surfaces and tree cover in roaddesign offers a promising strategy for mitigating urban heat islands and improving the overallenvironmental quality of urban regions.