Investigating the presence and phenotypic expression of efflux pumps in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates

Klebsiella pneumoniae, one of the members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, is one of the most important pathogens that cause both hospital infections and infections at the community level. Today, the increase in the prevalence of multiple drug resistance among these gram-negative bacteria is considered one of the most important global health problems. Efflux pumps are often involved in creating such multiple drug resistances. This study aims to investigate the presence and phenotypic expression of efflux pumps in clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia. This study was conducted on Klebsiella pneumonia from blood, urine, respiratory, burn, and wound samples of patients referred to hospitals. The presence of acrA, TolC, mdtk, oqxA, qepA, ompk35, and ompk36 genes was detected by the PCR method and then confirmed by sequencing. Also, the activity of efflux pumps was investigated with the phenotypic method of agarathidium bromide car dwell. Relevant information was recovered from SCOPUS, PubMed, and Google research and handled with Covidence. Our findings showed that clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to multiple drugs had at least one active efflux pump. Suppression of efflux systems can be useful in the treatment and control of multi-drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections.

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Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae ، efflux pump ، Akar ethidium bromide cartwheel.