Comparative Evaluation of LED Light Application and Heat Generation with Three Different Wavelengths of Frequency on Soft Tissues in Bringing Faster Orthodontic Tooth Movement: A Finite Element Model Study

Background: The duration of orthodontic treatment is often a significant deterrent for patients when considering conventional mechanics, which can be time-consuming. Photobiomodulation (PBM) utilizes visible red to near-infrared wavelengths of light frequencies to expedite orthodontic treatment time. Objective: To investigate the effect of three Light Emitting Diode (LED) frequencies and their heat generation on soft tissues in accelerating tooth movement through Finite Element Method (FEM) study. Material and Methods: In this FEM study, a three-dimensional FEM model of the skull of a male patient with mild to moderate crowding in the maxilla, and mandible. The dentitions were scanned using a Computed Tomography (CT). A static force of ۷۰ gm on the anterior region of the maxilla and mandible was applied from the labial sides, and a second static analysis was carried out by using both a ۷۰ gm of force and thermal load with three different frequencies of ۷۴۰, ۸۵۰, and ۹۴۰ nm on the ۱st and ۳rd quadrants. The effect of LED application and heat generation was assessed on soft tissues in bringing faster orthodontic tooth movement. Results: Increased tooth movement with combined loading case in the ۱st and ۳rd quadrants when compared with the ۲nd and ۴th quadrants. The temperature distribution was higher at ۹۴۰ nm followed by ۷۴۰ & ۸۵۰ nm of frequency.  Conclusion: Faster movements were observed in the combined loading case in the ۱st and ۳rd quadrants compared to static loading in other quadrants. Heat generation was higher with ۹۴۰ nm frequency followed by ۷۴۰ and ۸۵۰ nm.

کلیدواژه ها:

Computed Tomography ، Finite Element Analysis ، Light Emitting Diode ، Photobiomodulation therapy ، Maxilla ، Mandible