Prevalence, Indications and Outcomes of Cesarean Section Deliveries in Nigeria: A Four-Year Retrospective Review in Bowen University Teaching Hospital

Background & aim: The prevalence of cesarean section as a mode of delivery is on a steady increase, it is, therefore, a good practice to perform periodic assessments of the procedure in various institutions. This study aimed to examine the prevalence, indications, and outcomes of cesarean section in a private teaching hospital in Nigeria.Methods: This retrospective record review was conducted among mothers who delivered in Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Case records, maternity records, and theatre records of ۹۷۸ women who delivered via cesarean section from June ۱, ۲۰۱۸ to May ۳۱, ۲۰۲۲ were retrieved. Data was collected from secondary sources using a self-structure checklist. SPSS version ۲۰ was used to analyze data.Results: A total of ۲,۵۵۸ deliveries were registered during the four years of the survey, out of which ۹۷۸ (۳۸.۲%) were carried out via cesarean section. The mean age of mothers was ۳۰.۳±۰.۱۵years. The majority of the women were multi gravida accounting for ۵۹.۹%. The previous scar was the leading indication with ۱۵.۵%, followed by fetal distress and prolonged labor with ۱۳.۹% and ۱۳.۶%, respectively. Of the women who had cesarean sections, ۱۵۲ (۱۵.۶%) exhibited adverse outcomes. The most adverse outcome was anemia, which accounted for ۶.۴%.Conclusion: The prevalence of cesarean section was higher than the World Health Organization's recommended rate of ۱۰-۱۵%. Therefore, there is need for individualized care during antenatal visits, with an emphasis on reducing medicalization of pregnancy to decrease the necessity for unnecessary cesarean sections.

کلیدواژه ها:

Prevalence ، Indications ، outcomes ، Caesarean section