Synthesis of Spirooxindole Compounds Under Ultrasonic Conditions UsingMIL-۵۳ (Cu) as a Porous Catalyst

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly valued for their robust and porous structure,making them ideal for applications in catalysis, drug delivery, and gas storage [۱-۲]. Due to theireffective catalytic properties and ease of separation from reaction mixtures, MOFs serve asexcellent heterogeneous catalysts [۳]. Additionally, the indole moiety, particularly spirooxindole,is significant in pharmaceutical synthesis, with multicomponent reactions providing an efficientmethod for their high-yield production [۴]. In this research, MOFs based on copper demonstrateremarkable activity, stability, and recyclability as catalysts in the three-component reaction ofisatin, malononitrile, and lawsone under ultrasonic conditions. Among these, the crystallineMIL-۵۳(Cu) emerges as an exceptionally efficient catalyst for the synthesis of spirooxindoles.Notably, this nanocatalyst maintains its catalytic performance even after multiple reuses, simplyby reactivation. The synthesis and comprehensive characterization of Cu-(BDC) were carried outusing an array of advanced techniques, including SEM, PXRD, TGA, and FT-IR.

کلیدواژه ها:

MOF ، Spirooxindole ، Ultrasonic