Breast cancer, a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis, surgical treatments, radiotherapy and chemotherapy

In breast cancer epidemiology, we study high-risk groups, geographical distribution and prevalence in Iran. Next, we examine the etiology of breast cancer, which includes three factors: hormonal, genetic, and environmental. Types of breast cancer include ۱- Invasive carcinoma ۲- Non-invasive carcinoma, each of which is divided into duct and lobular and there are other types that include medullary, mucosal, inflammatory and Paget carcinomas. We will examine each raga separately in the following. Following the types of breast cancer, we examine risk factors or risk factors, including, gene mutation, aging, personal and family history of breast cancer, premature menstruation, late menopause, and… each of which is discussed separately. Following are four stages of breast cancer and the clinical signs of the disease. Explain the screening and diagnosis, which includes: ۱- Personal examination ۲- Examination of the breasts by a doctor ۳- Mammography ۴- Galactography ۵- Ultrasonography ۶- Magnetic resonance imaging ۷- Fine needle aspiration ۸- Biopsy. We also describe separately the treatments that are performed for this disease today, which include: ۱- Modified radical mastectomy ۲- Breast maintenance surgery ۳- Radiation therapy ۴- Chemotherapy ۵- Hormone therapy ۶- Bone marrow transplantation in addition to future therapies.

کلیدواژه ها:

Breast cancer ، Radiotherapy ، surgery ، chemotherapy