A complete study and review of criminal laws to control terrorist crimes

Considering the increasing danger of terrorist acts and its significant expansion, many legal measures have been devised in both international and domestic dimensions to deal with these crimes. Several international conventions have criminalized terrorist crimes and emphasized the need for countries to pay serious attention to the trial and punishment of the perpetrators of such crimes. In addition, in a preventive measure, the financing of terrorism as an independent crime or as a so-called crime hindering criminalization and the countries have been asked to take the necessary measures to try and punish the criminals and have the necessary cooperation in addition to criminalizing it in the domestic laws. Terrorist crimes have received special attention due to the disastrous results and fundamental violations of human rights, and in this regard, under the pretext of maintaining security and fighting against these crimes, the civil rights of those accused of these crimes are not considered in the proceedings, especially in the investigation phase. Today, if a person is accused of terrorism, he is deprived of many of his rights. The criminal procedure does not seek to guarantee classic criminal justice in these crimes as before. Adherence to principles in its classical sense has no place in modern readings of criminal justice.The ineffectiveness of punishment-oriented approaches after the occurrence of terrorist attacks in preventing this criminal phenomenon has led to the expansion of new strategies to control terrorism through pre-emptive mechanisms and the adoption of preventive measures before the occurrence of terrorist crimes. The current article tries to answer the question "in order to prevent the harmful risks of terrorism in the stage before committing terrorist crimes, what precautionary measures are foreseen in the legal systems?" to answer The findings of this research show that today, forward-looking approaches to curb terrorism have found a special place in legal systems and legislative systems have adopted a forward-looking approach to this dangerous phenomenon by adopting mechanisms before the occurrence of terrorist threats. The most important forward-looking strategies in the control of terrorism are ownership limitation, financial transparency and prevention of terrorism financing, communication, educational and employment restrictions, residence and surveillance requirements, travel control and inspection of places. The guarantee of implementation of preventive measures in the face of terrorism includes executive measures, control and arrest orders.

کلیدواژه ها:

Prevention ، Terrorism Management ، Control ، Terrorist crimes