An overview of the prevalence and pattern of maxillofacial trauma in the south of Iran

Objective: The purpose of the current study is to determine the prevalence and pattern of maxillofacial trauma.Methods: This is a cross sectional study of maxillofacial trauma cases treated in the referral trauma center of south of Iran. Data of ۲۶۴ patients were extracted from patients’ records and analyzed. Data included patient’s demographics, injury mechanism, types of maxillofacial injuries, Injury Severity Score (ISS), associated injuries, length of hospital stay and outcome. Binary logistic regression by backward method was applied to determine the effects of independent variables on mortality odds ratio.Results: ۸۵.۲۳% of patients were males and of all patients ۸۷.۵% survived. The mean of age was ۳۴.۹۵ ± ۱۶.۵۱. The commonest cause of maxillofacial injury was road traffic accidents (۸۶.۳۱%). The median of ISS was ۲۰.۳۹± ۱۰.۲۴ and patients aged ۳۰-۳۹ years had the highest ISS. Overall, the most common maxillofacial injuries were orbital (۵۹.۴۷%, n=۱۵۷) followed by maxillary (۴۸.۱۱%, n=۱۲۷); common associated injuries were related to head (۸۱.۴۴%, n=۲۱۵) followed by thorax (۵۸.۳۳%, n=۱۵۴). Age and gender (being male) increased the odds ratio of mortality. An increase in ISS decreased the odds ratio of mortality, but it was not significant.Conclusion: Most of maxillofacial trauma patients suffered from orbital injuries and there were a huge percentage of associated injuries. Gender (male), age and length of hospital stay were the significant variables of mortality in maxillofacial patients. The findings of the current study sheds light on further investigation to treat these patients and enforce road traffic legislation and public education to prevent these traumas.

کلیدواژه ها:

Maxillofacial injury ، Multiple Traumas ، Traffic Accidents ، Injury severity score