Oral Health Determinants among Opium Users in Kerman, Iran

Background: Promoting oral health is a complicated issue among drug abusers and opium is the most frequent drug abused in Iran. This study aims to find the oral health determinants of opium users in Kerman, Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study was a part of the second phase of Kerman coronary artery disease risk factors study (KERCADRS, ۲۰۱۴-۲۰۱۸). In this survey, the data of ۱۱۴۰ opium users were analyzed. The information about using a toothbrush, dental floss, number of dental visits at last year, age of first use of opium, duration, and opium consumption frequency was recorded. The total number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index and Community Periodontal Index (CPI) was recorded by an oral examination. Poisson and logistic regressions analyses were used for assessing the relationship among variables.Findings: The mean age of participants was ۵۲ ± ۱۲ years. ۷۴.۴% were men and ۲۴.۶% were women. The average DMFT index was ۱۵.۷ ± ۷.۶ and the prevalence of a healthy CPI score was ۱۸.۵%. Educational level (P < ۰.۰۰۱), brushing (P < ۰.۰۰۱), flossing (P < ۰.۰۰۱), dental visit (P < ۰.۰۰۱), first age of using opium (P < ۰.۰۰۱), frequency of consumption (P < ۰.۰۰۱), and age (P < ۰.۰۰۱) were associated with DMFT index. Only using floss (P < ۰.۰۰۱), dental visit [odds ratio (OR) = ۱.۸۰, P = ۰.۰۳۰], frequency of consumption (OR = ۲.۹۲, P < ۰.۰۰۱), and age (P = ۰.۰۰۱) were associated with CPI score.Conclusion: The frequency of opium consumption has the same effect on caries incidence as oral hygiene habits. Moreover, using dental floss has a more significant effect on the periodontal health of participants.

کلیدواژه ها:

Oral Health ، Opium dependence ، Oral hygiene ، Addictive behavior