The Effectiveness of Psychological Interventions in Improving Psychological Well-being of Persons with Visual Impairment: A meta-analysis Study

Objective: It is essential to determine detailed studies are needed to understand the effectiveness, mechanisms, moderators, and cost-effectiveness of psychological intervention programs on psychological well-being in visually impaired people. Methods: This systematic review focused on studies that evaluated the interventions for the promotion of psychological, emotional, and social well-being. The data were collected by searching Google Scholar, Elsevier, Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus databases using keywords: “psychological well-being in visually impaired people”, “effectiveness of psychological interventions in people with visually impaired(VI)”, “depression in blind people”, “stress in visually impaired people”; “effectiveness of CBT”, “behavioral approach”, “rational emotive behavior therapy”, “schema therapy”, “cognitive therapy”, “mindfulness”, “orientation”, “ACT”, “music therapy”, “REBT”, “narrative therapy”, “compassion therapy”, “adventure”, “play therapy”, “meaning therapy”, and “group counseling” on visually impaired people. Each keyword was searched separately. The search was conducted on the documents that were published from ۲۰۰۳ to ۲۰۲۳. In final step, ۲۵ records were analyzed in the study.   Results: The vast majority of studies focused on adolescents and young adults. A total of ۴۴ components were assessed; the psychological components included distress, stress, anxiety, self-concept, assessment of decisive behavior, and psychological well-being in seven studies; the emotional components included depression and aggressive behavior in ۶ studies, and the social components included communication skills and empathic orientations, social participation and social anxiety, social anxiety, quality of life, creative skills, interpersonal openness, and self-esteem in ۱۲ studies. The highest number of interventions conducted focused on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in ۶ studies followed by rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) interventions conducted in ۳ cases. Conclusion: Visually impaired people need effective and early interventions in life due to their limited vision. Since thinking, feeling, and action are intertwined in arousing a person, it seems that cognitive therapies can improve visually impaired people’s psychological well-being. The results also indicated cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) are more effective than other interventions.

کلیدواژه ها:

Psychological Well-Being ، Visual impairment ، Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ، Meta-analysis method