Effects of ethanolic extract of neem leaves on the sporocyst of Sarcocystis availability in vitro

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro anti-sporocyst efficiency of Azadirachta indica (neem) leaves ethanolic extracts against Sarcocystis and using it as alternative therapy for Sarcocystis in dogs. ۱۰۰ g of faeces collected from experimentally-infected puppies with Sarcocystis by feeding them on ۳۰۰ g meat (oesophagus and diaphragm) of sheep infected with Sarcocystis. The faeces melted into distilled water and then the sample was centrifuged. After dividing the precipitate into sixteen equal samples, a sample was randomly selected and inspected using the flotation (sugar solution) technique, then the quantity of sporocysts was calculated using a haemocytometer, which was ۵۰۰۰ individuals/g. Afterward, the samples were divided to ۳ group each containing on five samples. Finally, ۳ mL from the neem extract was added in different concentrations (۲۵۰, ۵۰۰, ۷۵۰ and ۱۰۰۰ mg; C۱, C۲, C۳ and C۴ respectively) and placed in incubator at ۳۷ ºC. The first group was inspected after ۲۴ h, the second after ۴۸ h, and the third after ۷۲ h. A significant reduction was observed in the number of sporocysts in the samples treated with high concentration of neem leaves extract. The number of sporocysts become zero in the sample with the higher dose (C۴; ۱۰۰۰ mg mL-۱) at ۴۸ h and ۷۲ h of incubation, and also significant reduction in number was observed at ۲۴ h. The number of sporocysts was nil after ۷۲ h of incubation in C۳ (۷۵۰ mg mL-۱), and much lower after ۴۸ and ۲۴ h. In C۲ (۵۰۰ mg mL-۱), the quantity of sporocysts was zero after ۷۲ h of incubation and decreased after ۴۸ h. The minimal impact was observed in C۱ (۲۵۰ mg mL-۱). The best antisporocyst action was observed at C۴ (۱۰۰۰ mg mL-۱). As a result, it is suggested that an ethanolic extract of neem leaf at ۱۰۰۰ mg mL-۱ can be utilized in the in vitro therapy of Sarcocystis.

کلیدواژه ها:

Extract ، Sporocyst ، plant ، Sarcocystis