A Comprehensive Overview of Breast Cancer Surgery Strategies: Advances, Options, and Considerations

Breast cancer surgery remains a cornerstone in the treatment of breast cancer, with evolving strategies aimed at optimizing outcomes and preserving quality of life. This comprehensive overview examines the latest advances, surgical options, and critical considerations in breast cancer surgery. Traditional approaches, such as mastectomy and breast-conserving surgery (BCS), are discussed alongside emerging techniques including oncoplastic surgery and minimally invasive procedures. Advances in imaging and surgical planning have enhanced the precision and efficacy of tumor removal while minimizing damage to surrounding tissues. Sentinel lymph node biopsy has largely replaced extensive lymph node dissection, reduced complications and improving patient recovery. The integration of neoadjuvant therapies has allowed for tumor downstaging, enabling more patients to opt for BCS over mastectomy. Patient-specific factors, including genetic predispositions, tumor characteristics, and personal preferences, play a critical role in surgical decision-making. Reconstruction options, from autologous tissue reconstruction to implant-based methods, are also explored, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in tailoring treatments to individual needs. This review highlights the importance of ongoing research and innovation in improving surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction in breast cancer care.

کلیدواژه ها:

breast-conserving surgery ، Neoadjuvant ، Downstaging