Evaluation of the atherosclerotic plaque of coronary arteries: A ۱۰-year epidemiological surveillance study

Background: Coronary arteries are the main vessels supplying the heart. Various factors can affect their performance, which causes coronary diseases and impaired blood supply and irreparable complications. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases with the highest mortality rate and disability among patients. The objective of this study is to investigate the epidemiological and anatomical characteristics of the atherosclerotic plaques in coronary arteries and their risk factors in Mazandaran Heart Center. Method: This cross-sectional study with a census design performed on all patients with atherosclerotic plaque, who undergone atherectomy surgery, from November ۲۰۰۹ to January ۲۰۱۹. Patient’s information was extracted from their medical records archive with ethical points. SPSS ۱۶.۰ was used for statistical analysis. Result: Out of ۱۵۶ patients with atherosclerotic plaque, ۶۰.۹% were male. The mean age of patients was ۶۱.۵۸± ۸.۹ years. The most incidence of atherosclerotic plaques was seen in ۵۰-۸۰ age category. Atherosclerotic plaques were mostly found in the right coronary (RCA) (۵۳.۸%) followed by left anterior descending (LAD) (۴۱%) arteries, which was more common in men. No significant relationship was observed between sex, age, the number of arteries involved and level of biochemical variables. Conclusion:  We found that gender, age, calcification, FBS, TG, TC, HDL, and LDL do not have significant effect on “site” of plaque in different coronary arteries which might due to same physiological and histological structure of these arteries. Further studies are being needed for etiology and mechanism involved.

کلیدواژه ها:

Coronary arteries ، atherosclerotic plaque ، heart disease ، risk factor