Angiogenesis in Colorectal Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is a major public health issue with high morbidity and mortality rates.Angiogenesis, regulated by various factors including vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), isessential for tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Understanding the intricatemolecular pathways involved in angiogenesis in CRC is crucial for the development ofeffective therapeutic strategies.Material and Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using electronic databases such as PubMed,Embase, and Web of Science. The search strategy included keywords such as"angiogenesis," "colorectal cancer," "molecular mechanisms," and "therapeutic strategies."Relevant articles published between ۲۰۰۰ and ۲۰۲۳ were considered. The selected studieswere critically evaluated and analyzed for their contributions to understandingangiogenesis in CRC.Results: The results section highlights the key findings related to the mechanisms drivingangiogenesis in CRC. Multiple pathways, including the VEGF pathway, the Notch signalingpathway, and the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) pathway, have been implicatedin promoting angiogenesis in CRC. Tumor cells, endothelial cells, and the tumormicroenvironment play a collaborative role in enhancing angiogenesis through thesecretion of angiogenic factors and the recruitment of immune cells. Moreover, the sectionprovides an overview of preclinical and clinical studies investigating therapeutic strategiestargeting angiogenesis in CRC, such as anti-angiogenic agents, tyrosine kinase inhibitors,and immune checkpoint inhibitors.Conclusion: Angiogenesis is a critical process in CRC development and progression. Targetingangiogenesis has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach in CRC treatment. Theunderstanding of the complex molecular mechanisms driving angiogenesis in CRC providesvaluable insights into potential therapeutic targets. Various anti-angiogenic agents havedemonstrated efficacy in preclinical and clinical studies, either as monotherapy or incombination with standard treatments. However, further research and clinical trials areneeded to optimize these strategies and improve patient outcomes in CRC.

کلیدواژه ها:

Angiogenesis ، colorectal cancer ، molecular mechanisms ، therapeutic strategies ، anti-angiogenic agents