Background & Purpose: The emergence of fungi as a pathogenic threat presents a significant challenge to public health, notably in intensive care units (ICUs) and among immunocompromised patients. Various factors, including sepsis-induced barrier disruptions, immune system dysfunction, and extremes of age, contribute to increased susceptibility to fungal infections. Hospital practices such as prolonged surgeries, broad-spectrum antibiotic use, and invasive procedures further exacerbate the risk. Fungal bloodstream infections, particularly caused by Candida albicans, rank among the most common hospital-acquired infections, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality. The global rise in invasive candidiasis, particularly with non-albicans Candida species, presents challenges in diagnosis and treatment due to nonspecific symptoms and emerging antifungal resistance. Nanotechnology interventions particularly by utilising green synthesized copper nanoparticles could possibly provide a novel solution to combat microbial colonization, biofilm formation, and drug resistance. This study aims to assess the prevalence of candidemia, identify the distribution of causative Candida species, and understand their susceptibility patterns to commonly used antifungal agents for effective management in ICU settings. Additionally, the study seeks to explore the in vitro anti-candidal activity of green copper nanoparticles synthesized using Euphorbia milii des moul extract. Material & Methods: This study was conducted at MMIMSR's Microbiology Laboratory from January to December ۲۰۲۲, focused on ICU patients suspected of bloodstream infections. Blood samples were collected aseptically and processed using BD BACTECTM culture vials. Identification of organisms was done via the Vitek-۲ system by confirming candidemia with positivity in both blood samples. After that antifungal susceptibility testing was also done against CLSI recommended antifungal drug using Vitek ۲ system. G-CuNPs were synthesized using Euphorbia Milii Des Moul extract and possessed for physiochemical characterization. The anti-candida activity of G-CuNPs was evaluated through the MTT assay and time kill assay. After that generation of intracellular ROS and DNA degradation were evaluated to understand its mechanism.Result: The study identifies a candidemia rate of ۷.۳% (۵۸/۷۸۹). Age and gender analysis reveals higher Candida colonization rates in individuals above ۶۰ years and more prominent in females. Antifungal sensitivity profiling indicates notable resistance to fluconazole (۲۷.۵۹%) and voriconazole (۲۵.۸۶%). Synthesizing G-CuNPs using E. milii des moul extract represents a novel approach exhibiting significant fungicidal potency against clinically isolated C. albicans, supporting potential therapeutic applications. Conclusion: Our finding concludes that synthesized G-CuNPs have tremendous potential to battle against medical device-borne infections by surface coating.
