Introduction: Postponing pregnancy has almost become a worldwide pattern. It has resulted in fewerchildbearing, which has an impact on family size. Furthermore, there is a correlation between rising maternalage and a greater likelihood of pregnancy-related problems such as congenital disorders and preterm delivery.Therefore, it is vital to understand the factors that affect the decision. University students are at high risk of agerelatedreproductive problems due to new reproductive characteristics. Hence, the present study aimed atsummarizing studies that have investigated fertility awareness and attitudes towards childbearing amonguniversity students.Methods: A literature search without any limitations on language or publication date was carried out onMedline, Scopus, and Web of Science. It was searched for the keywords fertility awareness, childbearingintentions, influencing factors, attitudes towards childbearing, and university students. In the next step, articlesthat met the inclusion criteria were evaluated, and references of the articles were studied to achieve furtherstudies. Finally, a set of high-quality studies were selected to conduct a review.Results: Eighteen articles met the eligibility criteria and were included. The results showed that most of theparticipants wanted to have children, but their level of awareness was low to moderate. Moreover, the resultsrevealed that female medical students had higher fertility awareness. The association between years ofeducation, age, fertility awareness, and childbearing intentions was insufficient.Conclusion: The results of the present study show that it is necessary to increase fertility awarenessinterventions, particularly for the group of non-medical students. In order to help young people, become awareof the importance of childbirth, governments and universities need to improve their reproductive healtheducation programs. It is worth mentioning that it is necessary to provide programs to encourage young peopleto have children.