Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification: A Game-Changer in the Diagnosis of EntamoebaHistolytica Infections

Introduction: Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for an annual mortality rate rangingfrom ۴۰,۰۰۰ to ۱۰۰,۰۰۰, establishing it as the second leading cause of fatality attributed to infectious parasiticdiseases. This pathogen is notorious for inducing bloody diarrhea and frequently infiltrating the liver, therebyinstigating the development of amoebic liver abscess (ALA). The delayed identification of liver abscesses mayculminate in rupture and fatality. Hence, there is an imperative demand for expeditious and precise laboratorydiagnostic assays, including the ability to distinguish between two non-pathogenic Entamoeba species, namelyEntamoeba dispar and Entamoeba moshkovskii. The loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay isan excellent method to circumvent most of the limitations of DNA and even RNA amplification. This studyendeavors to underscore the significance of employing the molecular LAMP method for the differentialdiagnosis of E. Histolytica.Methods: In this review article, we searched the Pubmed database using “Loop-Mediated IsothermalAmplification”, “LAMP”, and “Entamoeba Histolytica”.Results: The studies have demonstrated that LAMP-based assays manifest exceptional specificity, sensitivity,and product yield, all while maintaining cost efficiency when contrasted with traditional PCR. It is characterizedby its ease of execution, cost-effectiveness, and minimal equipment requirements, necessitating only a waterbath, primers, DNA polymerase, and a reaction mixture for operation. Additionally, LAMP facilitates visualexamination through the use of fluorescent dyes. Remarkably, LAMP can be completed within approximately۳۰ minutes, in stark contrast to PCR, which typically demands a minimum of ۹۰ minutes. It is noteworthy thatLAMP exhibits resilience against various PCR inhibitors, including substances like blood, enabling DNAextractions from unprocessed samples.Conclusion: LAMP stands poised to revolutionize diagnostic capabilities and make a significant impact onpublic health by enabling timely and accurate diagnoses of Entamoeba histolytica infectious disease worldwide.

کلیدواژه ها:

Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification ، LAMP ، Entamoeba Histolytica