Introduction:
Thalassemia is the most frequent monogenic disorder in which the reduction or full absence ofone or more globin chains is referred to. Fatigue, boredom, iron overload, cardiac arrhythmia, hepatitis,osteoporosis, and endocrine disorder as well as bone abnormalities are the most common signs and symptoms;however, chronic hemolysis and ineffective erythropoiesis are the main indicators.In Iran, due to cultural customs and the high rate of consanguineous marriages, we are facing a high prevalenceof thalassemia. Considering the obstacle and lack of general access to definitive therapies, supportive treatmentsare still of particular importance.Methods: In this review, relevant studies were searched in the PubMed database using the MeSH keywordsthalassemia, treatment, and
Iran from ۲۰۱۸ to ۲۰۲۳. A total of ۲۰۹ articles were found and among them, ۱۸review and meta-analysis articles were analyzed.Results: Methods of
Thalassemia treatment is different based on the types and severity of the disease. Mildtypes are usually asymptomatic and don’t need serious interventions. The treatment of thalassemia intermediais on-demand, though splenectomy and supportive supplements such as folic acid are effective. On the otherhand, survival of patients suffered from major thalassemia depends on regular blood transfusion therapy.Owing to the problems related to hemosiderosis in these patients, today new therapies including bone marrowtransplantation, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, gene therapy, and induction of fetal hemoglobinproduction by using of Hydroxy urea as well, are being developed to reduce the need for transfusion of blood.Conclusion: The evolving of novel cure for taking care of thalassemia patients are highly promising in that waytargeting of gene to ameliorate genetic defects is referred to as the newest era. Although, it is recommended toconduct more comprehensive clinical studies in the field of optimal use of monotherapy, sequential andcombination methods.