The role of intestinal microbiota and mucosal barrier in the pathogenicity of E. histolytica: a systematic review

BACKGROUND AND ABJECTIVEE. histolytica is a protozoan that causes intestinal and extra-intestinal amoebiasis. Changes in the intestinal microbiota can lead to symptomatic progression in previously asymptomatic patients. Dysbiosis in the microbiota, caused by factors like antibiotic use and immunodeficiency, weakens the innate defense against E. histolytica. Probiotic bacteria have the potential to prevent E. histolytica from reaching the intestinal epithelium and reduce its pathogenicity. Prevotella copri, a bacterium in the intestinal flora, plays a role in the pathogenicity of E. histolytica and is depleted in infected individuals.MATERIALS AND METHODSThis systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and focused on studies from ۲۰۱۰ to ۲۰۲۰. The search was conducted on databases including Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of ۷۳ articles were identified. Two researchers independently performed data extraction and quality assessment, with a third researcher providing consensus. The selected articles were analyzed for relevant information on the association between gut microbiota and E. histolytica.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONStudies conducted between ۲۰۱۰ and ۲۰۲۰ revealed changes in the intestinal microbiota of individuals infected with E. histolytica. These changes involve an increase in bacterial families such as Clostridium, Coccoid, Fusobacter, and Bacteroids, while the populations of Bifidobacterium and Ruminococcaceae decrease. Additionally, significant alterations occur in the anaerobic bacterial population, including a decrease in Prevotella copri. These findings highlight the potential impact of intestinal microbiota on the pathogenicity of E. histolytica.CONCLUSIONDysbiosis in the intestinal microbiota facilitates the pathogenesis of E. histolytica and impairs the immune response. Imbalances in the normal intestinal flora can cause asymptomatic individuals to progress to symptomatic disease. Future investigations are needed to explore the potential use of probiotics as biological interventions for managing E. histolytica-related complications and whether E. histolytica disrupts the normal intestinal flora.

کلیدواژه ها:

Entamoeba Histolytica ، E. Histolytica ، Gut Microbiota