Evaluation of dietary exposure to tetracycline, oxytetracycline, and chlortetracycline antibiotic residues in domestic animal's milk using the four-plate test, ELISA, and HPLC methods in Iran

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESthe health of unprocessed raw milk is especially important since it serves as the foundation forother dairy products. The use of antibiotics for optimal growth, development, and management oflocal infections in animals has become frequent. This study was conducted to determine theamount of tetracycline, oxytetracycline, and chlortetracycline in raw milk using FPT, ELISA andHPLC microbial methods.MATERIALS AND METHODSThis descriptive and analytical study was conducted cross-sectionally over two years with thecooperation of Veterinary Organization of Hamedan Province, Iran. ۲۴۶ unprocessed raw milksamples were taken from milk collection centers, industrial and traditional cattle farms andtransferred to the laboratory. In the laboratory, FPT was first performed to check the presence ofantibiotics. Then, the positive samples were analyzed in terms of antibiotic residue by ELISAmethod and using its specific kit. In the last step, the HPLC method was used to accuratelydetermine the type and amount of antibiotic residue.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONFPT test results showed that out of ۲۴۶ milk samples, ۴۷ samples (۱۹.۱۱%) were positive forantimicrobial residues. The highest and lowest antibiotic residues detected were related to penicillins,tetracyclines, macrolides, and amino glucosides, respectively. The results of ELISA analysis showedthat the amount of antibiotic residue in ۱۴ samples (۲۹.۷۹%) was higher than MRL with an average of۹۸.۴۳±۶.۸۶ μg/kg. The residues of tetracyclines were also detectable in ۲۹.۷۸% of the positivesamples by ELISA in HPLC analysis. The average amount of tetracyclines in these samples was۱۰۵.۷۳±۷.۲۵ μg/kg.CONCLUSIONThe presence of antibiotic residues in animal products indicates the importance of monitoring theamount of antibiotic residues in milk and other food products of animal origin. it seems that theregulation and formulation of relevant national standards and regulations is necessary.

کلیدواژه ها:

Milk ، Antibiotic residue ، FPT ، ELISA ، HPLC ، Tetracyclines