The role of gut microbiome in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients

The role of the gut microbiome (GM) in the field of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been associated with promising results in the last decade. However, infections and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) are the two major complications that contribute significantly to transplant-related mortality. A diverse microbiota is required to maintain host microbe homeostasis in various environmental changes because species-rich bacterial communities can compensate for those lost. In HSCT, along with microbiome diversity as an indicator of outcomes, some pathogenic bacterial species are increased in GVHD recipients such as Enterococcaceae, Akkermansia muciniphila and Lactobacilles. On the other hand, Blautia has been shown as a beneficial bacterial genus for HSCT, as well as the association of increased GVHD with a decrease in the abundance of some bacterial genera such as Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides and Parabacteroides. Lachnospiraceae and Enterococcaceae are essential for maintaining the integrity of the gastrointestinal tract and facilitating long-term immune system reconstruction after radiation exposure. In addition, the disturbance in the intestinal microbiota is associated with major complications in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), and various strategies have been developed to reduce dysbiosis and related complications. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) involves the injection of fecal material from a healthy donor to restore impaired intestinal homeostasis and can be applied to HSCT

کلیدواژه ها:

Gut Microbiome ، Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HSCT)