The Interplay between Oral Microbiota and Lung Cancer: A Review

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESLung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The role of the oral microbiota has recently been highlighted as a significant factor implicated in lung cancer pathogenesis. Lung cancer is a major global health burden. Luckily, oral microbiota has begun to emerge as a potential contributor to the etiology of lung cancer.MATERIALS AND METHODSStudies were identified by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up until June ۲۰۲۳, using the keywords "oral microbiota", "lung cancer", "microbiome", and their variants.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONOut of ۳۸۲ identified articles, ۲۵ met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Several studies reported Lung cancer patients showed increased diversity and richness in their oral microbiota. Notably, the abundance of certain bacterial taxa, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella and Veillonella, was significantly higher in lung cancer patients. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, common oral pathobionts, have been linked with lung cancer. They can translocate to the lungs, cause chronic inflammation, and disrupt the immune response. Porphyromonas gingivalis has been found to induce cellular proliferation and inhibit apoptosis, thereby promoting tumorigenesis. Periodontal disease, an indicator of altered oral microbiota, has been associated with increased lung cancer risk. Chronic inflammation, systemic dissemination of oral pathogens, and immune dysregulation are potential mechanisms through which poor oral health might influence lung carcinogenesis. Altered oral microbiota has been consistently reported in lung cancer patients. It suggests that oral microbiota might play a crucial role in lung carcinogenesis through chronic inflammation and immune modulation. Thus, novel therapeutic strategies could be developed based on these findings. Modulating oral microbiota via probiotics, prebiotics, or antimicrobial therapy might contribute to lung cancer prevention and treatment.CONCLUSIONThis review underscores the potential role of oral microbiota in lung cancer. Future studies should focus on unraveling the mechanisms involved in the interaction between oral microbes and lung cancer cells.

کلیدواژه ها:

Oral_Microbiota ، Lung_Cancer ، Porphyromonas_Gingivalis ، Fusobacterium_Nucleatum