Assessing the Relationship Between D-dimer and IL-۶ Levels and Clinical Outcomes in Elderly COVID-۱۹ Patients

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate serum levels of interleukin-۶ (IL-۶) and D-dimer and their association with morbidity and mortality in elderly coronavirus disease-۱۹ (COVID-۱۹) patients and to assess their clinical outcomes. Materials & Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted on elderly COVID-۱۹ patients (≥۶۰ years) diagnosed via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or radiological tests in a South Indian tertiary care hospital. Data encompassed demographics, comorbidities, symptoms, IL-۶ and D-dimer levels, oxygen (O۲) requirement, duration of hospital stay, and outcomes. Statistical analysis involved Chi-square test. A p-value of < .۰۵ was considered statistically significant. Findings: Among ۱۴۴۸ screened patients, ۱۳۸۰ patients with a mean age of ۶۸.۸۵±۶.۹۸۵ years were included in this study, of whom ۶۱.۶۷% were male. The mortality rate was ۱۲.۱% in males and ۱۱% in females. Fever, cough, hypertension, and diabetes were common in most of the patients. The mean D-dimer and IL-۶ levels were ۲.۶۸۷±۵.۱۸۹ mg/L fibrinogen equivalent units (FEU) and ۹۵.۷۲±۳۳۵.۶۲ pg/mL, respectively. Elevated D-dimer (۷۱%) and IL-۶ (۸۷.۷%) levels were significantly associated with oxygen requirement, morbidity, and mortality (p= .۰۰۰). Sub-group analysis revealed a significant association between D-dimer and IL-۶ levels and O۲ requirement and mortality in diabetic and hypertensive patients (p= .۰۰۰). Conclusion: Serum IL-۶ and D-dimer levels are significantly associated with morbidity and mortality in elderly COVID-۱۹ patients. Elevated levels of these biomarkers also influence O۲ requirement and mortality in patients with comorbidities, suggesting their potential use in risk stratification and management strategies for this vulnerable population.

کلیدواژه ها:

COVID-۱۹ ، D-dimer ، geriatric ، Interleukin-۶ ، Mortality