Does adjunctive prophylactic intracoronary infusion of low dose Alteplase prevent no-reflow phenomenon during primary percutaneous coronary intervention?

Introduction: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is the gold standard approach to restore blood flow in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI); however, no-reflow phenomenon as a potential complication of PPCI can worsen the outcomes. It has been hypothesized that adjunctive prophylactic intracoronary infusion of low-dose fibrinolytic might improve the PPCI outcomes; however, this theory is a matter of debate. The current study aims to investigate the value of adjunctive prophylactic intracoronary low-dose alteplase to prevent no-reflow phenomenon in the patients with STEMI. Methods: This case-control study has been conducted on ۸۰ STEMI patients who underwent PPCI. The patients assigned into the case group who intervened by ۱۰ mg adjunctive intracoronary alteplase immediately at the end of the balloon angioplasty (n=۴۰) and controls (n=۴۰) who underwent conventional PPCI only. The angioplasty-associated outcomes including final TIMI score, need for no-reflow treatment, ST-segment resolution, post-PPCI complications and death were compared between the groups.Results: Alteplase use was accompanied by significantly improved final TIMI flow scores (P-value<۰.۰۰۱) and fewer requirements for no-reflow treatments (P-value<۰.۰۰۱); however, it did not improve the ST-segment resolution (P-value=۰.۴۹۱). The mortality rate and post-angioplasty complications did not differ between the groups (P-value>۰.۰۵).Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, adjunctive infusion of low-dose intracoronary alteplase during PPCI could not efficiently prevent no-reflow phenomenon. Although final TIMI flow and need for post stenting no-reflow treatment improved, ST-segment resolution did not occur dramatically. Given that, this approach requires further investigations and should be considered cautiously.

کلیدواژه ها:

ST-elevation myocardial infarction ، Tissue activator plasminogen ، Alteplase ، No-Reflow Phenomenon ، Case-Control Studies