Antidiabetic activity of tannin fraction of Bridelia ferruginea (Benth) leaf extract on fructose-induced diabetic mice

Introduction: Bridelia ferruginea is a plant known for its antidiabetic properties. However, few studies on leaf extracts have induced anti-hyperglycemic activity on normal mice subjected to carbohydrate overload. The current study was designed to assess the effect of the leaf extracts’ fraction on fructose-induced diabetic mice. Methods: The in vitro ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay were carried out and the condensed tannins quantified. The vanillin-HCl method was used to characterize the condensed tannins. The antidiabetic effect on fructose-induced diabetic mice was evaluated for ۲۸ days using a fructose-enriched fat diet approach. Results: The fraction confirmed the antioxidant activity with a reducing power of ۸۰۰ μg/mL comparable to ascorbic acid at ۲۰۰ μg/mL. The condensed tannins were estimated at ۷۹.۶ ± ۳.۴ mg catechin equivalent per gram of sample. Significant decreases in blood sugar levels of ۶.۲۵% at the ۷th day, ۱۱.۰۴% at the ۱۴th day, ۱۲.۶۱% at the ۲۱th day, and ۱۱.۳۵% at the ۲۸th day were obtained in mice treated with the extract dose of ۲۰۰ mg/kg of body weight, compared to the positive control group. The decreases of ۳۷.۱۱% of triglycerides and ۴۰.۱۶% of total cholesterol were also obtained. Conclusion: The investigated fraction showed notable antidiabetic activity and might be a good candidate in the treatment of diabetes.