Knowledge on the effect of salinity on growth,morphology and physiology of borage

Borage or snake plant is the name of a genus of flowering plants from the Borage family. This genusincludes about ۷۰ species and several subspecies. Borage species are native to North Africa, mainlandEurope to Central Asia, and the Macaroni Islands, where they have the greatest diversity. ۲۹ species ofboletus are native to the Canary Islands, Madeira and Cape Verde. Except for two species native to theMacaroni Islands, which are perennial woody shrubs, all other species of borage are herbaceous plants.Many species of this genus are used as ornamental and garden plants, and some species such as Iranianborage flower are used in traditional medicine. In Crete, the soft branches of the Italian borage flower canbe eaten boiled or steamed. Echium plantagineum seed oil contains high levels of alpha-linolenic acid(ALA), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and stearidonic acid (SDA), and this plant is valuable for cosmeticapplications and skin care products, and for oral consumption. Salinity is one of the most importantlimiting factors for growth and product of plants around the world. Identification of salt tolerant varietiesand improvement of plants tolerance are the most effective way to increase its performance. Salinitystress affects the plant in all stages of growth, but it is possible that the sensitivity of the plant is differentin one stage of growth compared to another stage. In the seeding stage, the tolerance of the plant ismeasured only by the viability of the buds or the so-called germination percentage of the seeds, becauseno other criterion can be imagined for it, but in the later stages, the decrease in yield is a comparablecriterion for the tolerance of plants to salinity. There are often such ideas that the plant is more sensitiveto salinity in the germination stage than the mature plant. Although this is true in some cases, it shouldbe noted that first of all, in the case of sprouts, the issue of plant survival is raised, and the comparisoncriterion is only the percentage of seeds that have sprouted. Secondly, the seeds are often located in thesurface layer of the soil, where the salinity is much higher than in the deeper layers of the soil. In thisarticle, we discuss the effect of salinity on the growth, morphology and physiology of the borage flower.

کلیدواژه ها:

Borage flower or snake plant ، electrical conductivity of the saturated moisture ، planttolerance ، salinity ، Soil salinity.