Obesity and insulin resistance are risk factorsfor Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease is a multifactorial disorder associated with aging and is the leading cause ofdementia and the most common neurodegenerative disease. Obesity is recognized as animportant factor in the pathogenesis of this type of dementia, independent of insulin resistanceor other vascular risk factors. Although the exact underlying mechanisms are still unknown,adipose dysfunction and a concomitant change in adipose-derived protein secretion appear to beinvolved, as these adipocytokines can cross the blood-brain barrier and affect cognitive-relatedstructures. Very few studies have evaluated the role of adipocytokine dysfunction in patientswith cognitive impairment and have produced conflicting results. Interestingly, extensiveresearch on leptin's central effects in Alzheimer's transgenic mice has shown its ability toincrease synaptic plasticity and strength, as well as prevent beta-amyloid deposition and tauphosphorylation. In addition, adiponectin, the most abundant adipocytokine whose levels areinversely correlated with obesity, has been shown to be neuroprotective for hippocampal cells.Many other adipose-derived cytokines mainly have pro-inflammatory properties and canstimulate or enhance central inflammatory cascades and also influence the secretion of otheradipocytokines involved in cognition. In this article, the available evidence on the role ofdysfunction Adipocytokines have been implicated in the increased risk of obesity-relateddementia.

کلیدواژه ها:

Alzheimer's disease ، obesity ، leptin ، insulin resistance